Electric heating apparatus



' 1,645,029 1927' J. P. SUNDERLAND ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

Filed Nov. 22, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet A ATTORNEYS O 1927' J. P. SUNDERLAND ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed NOV. 22 1926 WIN! 6) g mvlz roli M c'v04a d W! I ATTORNEYS 1 645,02 Oct. 11,1927. J. P. SUNDERLAND V 9 ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 22 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 0 6lNVENTOR:

. ATTORNEYS .two upright legs Patented: Oct. 11, 1927.

rATENr- OFFIQE.

UNlTED stares JOHN P. SUNDERLAND, 01: PORT CHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGHOR TO THE CALORAG ELECTRIC CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

nnnctrarc HEATING APPARATUS.

Application filed November 22, 1926. Serial No. 149,846.

and advantages Wlll more clearly appear from the detail description given below taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings which form a part of this specification.

' Fig. 1 is a perspective of In the drawings an apparatus embodying my improvements in a preferred form thereof and showing the apparatus open. .Fig. 2 is a similar view showin the apparatus closed.

vertica section of the apparatus closed. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Referringto the drawings, suitable frame or frame work adapted to be bolted to the floor and provided on its top with-longitudinal ribs 2,2. Securely bolted between the ribs 2, 2 is one part of a substantially closed magnetic circuit transformer core 3, so that the part 3 forms a 0 fixed part of a magnetic transformer core. This fixed part 3 is made up of laminations having horizontal portions 4 and upright portions 5 and 6. (See Fig. 2.)

Pivoted to the frame 1 at 7 is a second frame 8 having longitudinal members 9 between which is bolted the other part 10 of the magnetic core, -the part 10 also being laminated vertically. Thus the transformer core is formed of a bottom portion having which Is removable therefrom by tilting the frame 8, 9 about pivot 7 so that the device to be heated such as a ring gear 11 may be linked with the transformer core and properly associated therewith to form a secondary circuit thereof. 7 For the urpose of lifting or tilting the frame 8, 9 t e same is pro vided with a handle member 12 by which it may be manually rocked about the axis at 7.

The frame 8, 9 is provided with a suitable counter-weight at 13 so that the frame is pivoted and weighted such that when tilted so that the core parts are separated a prede- I termined distance the frame tends to move by gravity in a direction to further sepa- Fig. 3 is a 1 represents a 5 and 6 and a top portionof the frame 8,

rate the core parts and when the pivoted frame is tilted ,in a direction to bring the core parts toward one another to a prede-' termined extent, the frame member tends to move by gravity in a the core parts together. Arranged around the leg 6 of the transformer core is an alternating current primary winding 14. 15

represents a cover of insulating material,

such as asbestos board, having a top member 16 and side members 17 secured to the frame 1 by angle irons 18. V 'Thus the device is provided with a covering of insulated material secured to the first frame and covering the alternating current winding and part of the core and on which the device to be heated such as the ring 11 is adapted to rest. Blocks 30 and 31 may be fastened to the top 16 by screws 32 for the purpose of serving as guides for suitably direction to bring locating or centering the ring member gear 11 on the top 16 about the core leg 6.

- Secured to the side members 9 of the frame 8 are brackets 19, one on frame, and to the free ends of the brackets- 19 are secured blocks 20 respectively which, when the two parts of are brought together, iently engage and press upon her 11 in order to hold itin place while it is being heated.

When a device to be'heated such as the ring member 11, is thus'inserted in the apparatus so that it is linked with the core member and the two parts of the core brought together as shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 4, and the primary 14 is suitably energized by an alternating current, a heavy secondary electric current will be set up in the device 11 and heat the same in a' rapid, even and efficient manner. By the removable part of the core member 10 with respect to the fixed part of the core 4 the removable part of the core is easily.

are adapted to resiltilted back to'permit of the ready insertion.

of the device to be heated and easily closed again, manually or otherwise, the frame 8, 9 remaining in either of its extreme positions due to the action of gravity. The movement 9 with the core part 10 in a either side of the the transformer core the ring mempivotally mounting direction to bring the core parts'together is arrest-ed by core parts coming together while the movement of the frame 8, 9 in the opposite direction is arrested by projections 21 on he frameS coming. in contact with portions on the fixed frame 1. 22 represents a sheet of insulating material in front of the leg of the core and serves to prevent the device to be heated from coming in contact with the leg 5 of the core.

I find that if the adjacent faces of the two core parts, that is, the faces which come together, be perfectly plain or lie in a single plane that, in operation, a serious chattering of the apparatus was produced. It appears that every time there was a reversal of the electric current in'the primary thereby producing a reversal of the flux in the magnetic core, there was a tendency for the core parts to separate or jump apart causing a more or less severe pounding which not only tended to injurethe apparatus but also to cause injury to the foundations on which the apparatus is placed and also produce a disadvantageous noise, so that in order to avold same it was necessary, after bringlng the two core parts together, to in some way bolt the two frames together in order to prevent this serious chattering.

The bolting of the. two frames together, however, introduced another disadvantage in that it was necessary to bolt and unbolt the two frames every time that a device to be heated was inserted and removed, and this necessitated considerable loss of time and labor.

I have discovered, however, that by chang ing the adjacent faces of the core parts (i. e., the faces which come together) as shown in the drawings, this chattering could be substantially if not wholly avoided and without bolting the two frames together in order to hold the core parts together by such mechanical means. Thus it will be seen that the upper face of the leg 6 of the core is cut away to provide grooves as at 23, these grooves being rectangular in cross-section, while the corresponding face of the core part 10 is provided with corresponding tongues or projections 24, which when the core parts are brought together substantially fit the grooves 23. In the same way the upper face of the leg 5 of the core is cut away to provide recesses or grooves 25 and'the core part 10 is provided with interlocking tongues or projections 26 also rectangular in cross section and adapted to substantially fit into the grooves or depressions 25 when the core parts are brought together. It will be understood that in making the core of two separable parts there is necessarily a thin air-gap where the adjacent faces of the two parts substantially meet, but by breaking up the plane of the adjacent substantially engaging faces of the core parts as above described so that the said air-gap is provided with oflf-sets, I find that the parts of said core, when the apparatus is in operation, will be held against substantial chattering by electIO-magnetic action.- lhat is, the parts of the core are held together by magnetization produced in the core by the alternating current in the primary winding. I find that this result is even more effectually attained if small air-gaps of greater widths than the average width between said adjacent faces are provided in the core structure. Thus I have shown further cutaway grooves in the legs 5 and 6 at 27, which grooves are not engaged by any corresponding tongues or projections on the part 10 so that they are left entirely as air-gaps during 'the operation of the device.

The arran ement described seems to provide a plurahty of lagging magnetic circuits in the core so that at all times during the operation there is a suflicient pull or attraction between the core parts to hold them together sufliciently to prevent any substantial chattering. While the correct theory ac cording to which the chattering is thus sub stantially reduced or prevented is perhaps uncertain, I believe that by thus varying the air-gaps in the core structure and producing lagging magnetic circuits, a result is produced similar to the action of a direct current, but in any event I find that the arrangement permits the core parts to be held in position by magnetic pull thereby eliminating the necessity of applying special bolts or other mechanical means to hold them together. The exact shape of the tongues and grooves in the faces of the core parts does not appear to be particularly important and the variation or variations in the plane of contact between the core parts or the breaking up of the substantially engaging faces of the core parts may be widely varied, and indeed the electro-magnetic action which holds the core parts against substantial chattering may be accomplished by various other arrangements.

Thus while I have described my improvements in detail and with respect to a preferred form thereof, I do not desire to be limited to such details or form since many changes and modifications may be made and the invention embodied in widely different forms without departing from the spirit and scope thereof in its broader aspects and I desire to cover all forms, modifications and improvements comlng within the language or scope of any one or more of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure heated, and the said parts of said core being held against substantial chatteringby elec: tro-magnetic action. W

' 2. Electric heating apparatus comprising a magnetic transformer core with an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked withsaid core to form a secondary circuit, part of said core being removable from the rest of the core to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, and the said parts of said corebeing held against substantial chattering by magnetization produced in the core by the alternating current in the primary winding 3. Electric heating apparatus comprising a magnetic transformer core with an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, part of said core being removable from the rest of the core to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, the adjacent faces of said core parts having interengaging tongue and groove parts respectively, whereby the said parts of said core are held against substantial chattering by electro-magnetic action.

4. Electric heating apparatus comprising a magnetic transformer core with an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, part of said core being removable from the rest of the core to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, and whereby there is formed in the magnetic circuit of said core a thin air gap where the adjacent faces of said core parts substantially meet, said air gap being provided with ofisets whereby the said parts of said core are held against substantial chattering by eleetro-magnetic action.

5. Electric heating apparatus comprising a magnetic transformer core with an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, part of said core being removable from the rest of the core to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, and whereby there is formed in the magnetic circuit of said core a thin air gap where the adjacent faces of said core parts substantially meet, said air gap being provided with offsets and air gaps of greater width than the average width between said adjacent faces, whereby the said parts of said core are held against substantial chatteringlby electro-magnetic action.

6. lectric heating apparatus comprising a substantially closed magnetic circuit transformer core and an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit,- said core being movable frame movable frame formed in two parts, one of which is relatively stationary and the other of which is pivotally mounted with respect thereto so that the second part is removable from the first part to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, the plane of the adjacent substantially engaging faces of said core parts being broken, whereby the said parts of said core are held against substantial chattering by electromagnetic action.

7. Electric heating apparatus comprising a magnetic transformer core with an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked with said core'to form a secondary circuit, part of said core being removable from the rest of the core to ermit of the insertion and removal of the evice to be heated, said core being constructed to provide a plurality of lagging magnetic circuits, whereby the said parts of said core are held against substantial chattering by electromagnetic action.

8. Electric heatin apparatus comprising a substantially close magnetic circuit trans former core and an alternating current primary winding associated therewith, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, said core being formed in two parts, one of which is relatively stationary and the other of which is pivotally mounted with respect thereto so that the second part is removable from the first part to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated.

I 9. Electrical heating apparatus comprising a relatively fixed frame, a relatively ivotally mounted on the first frame, a su stantially closed magnetic circuit transformer core, an alternating current primary winding associated with said core, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, and said core being formed in two parts, one part of which is secured to the first frame and the other part of which is carried by the second frame, whereby the second part is removable from the first part by tilting the second frame about its axis on the first frame to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated.

10. Electrical heating apparatus comprising a relatively fixed frame, a relatively ivotally mounted on the first frame, a su stantially closed magnetic circuit transformer core, an alternating current primary winding associated with said core, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, and said core being formed in two parts,

one part of which is secured to the first frame and the other part of which is carried by the second frame, whereby the second part is removable from the first part by Ill) tilting the second frame about its axis on the first frame to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, means on the first frame on which the device to be heated may rest and means on the second circuit transformer core, an alternating current primary winding associated with said core, the device to'be heated being linked with saidcore to form a secondary circuit, and said core being formed in two parts, one part of which is secured to the first frame and the other part of which is carried by the second frame, whereby the second part is removable from the first part by tilting the second frame about its axis on the first frame to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, said second frame being so pivoted and weighted that when tilted so that the core parts are separated a predetermined distance the frame tends to move by gravity in a direct-ion to further separate the core parts, and when the second frame is tilted in a direction to bring'the core parts toward one another to a predetermined extent the frame tends to move by gravity in a direction to bring said core parts together.

. 12. Electrical heating apparatus comprising a relatively fixed frame, a relatively movable frame ivotally mounted on the first frame, a su stantially closed magnetic circuit transformer core, an alternating current primary Winding associated with said core, the device to be heated being linked with said core to form a secondary circuit, and said core being formed in two parts, one part of which is secured to the first frame and the other part of which is carried by the second frame, whereby the second part is removable from the first part by tilting the second frame about its axis on the first frame to permit of the insertion and removal of the device to be heated, and a coverin of insulating material secured to the first rame and covering said alternating current Winding and on which the device to be heated is adapted to rest.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JOHN P. SUNDERLAND. 

